body {
    font-family: 'Quicksand', sans-serif;
    background-color: #F4F2E8;
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    color: #333;
}

.top-menu {
    position: fixed;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    background-color: transparent;
    padding: 4px 20px;
    z-index: 1000;
}

.menu-items {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: flex-end;
    align-items: center;
    background-color: transparent;
}

.menu-items a {
    color: #444;
    text-decoration: none;
    font-size: 18px;
    margin-left: 20px;
    transition: color 0.3s ease;
    background-color: transparent;
}

.menu-items a:hover {
    color: #777;
    background-color: transparent;
}

.dropdown.active .dropdown-content {
    display: block;
}

.dropdown-content {
    display: none;
    position: relative;
    background-color: transparent;
    padding-left: 20px;
    margin-top: 10px;
    z-index: 1;
}

.dropdown:hover .dropdown-content {
    display: block;
    transition-delay: 1s;  /* Adds a delay to make dropdowns easier to open */
}

.dropdown-content li {
    margin-top: 10px;
}

.dropdown-content li a {
    color: white;
    text-decoration: none;
    display: block;  /* Ensures sub-items are also line-by-line */
}

.dropdown-content li a:hover {
    color: #ddd;
}

.content {
    background-color: transparent;
    margin-left: 120px;
    margin-right: 120px;
    padding: 20px;
    flex-grow: 1;
}

.content h1 {
    font-size: 58px;
    color: #333;
    padding-left: 20px;
    padding-top: 30px;
    font-family: 'Quicksand', sans-serif;
    background-color: transparent;
}

.content h2 {
    font-size: 38px;
    background-color: transparent;
    /* padding: 0 20px; */
}

.content h3 {
    font-size: 26px;
    background-color: transparent;
}

.content p {
    font-size: 20px;
    line-height: 1.6;
}

header {
    background-color: #333;
    color: white;
    padding: 10px 0;
    text-align: center;
}

nav ul {
    list-style: none;
    padding: 0;
}

nav ul li {
    display: inline;
    margin: 0 10px;
}

nav ul li a {
    color: white;
    text-decoration: none;
}

#hero {
    background-color: transparent;
    padding: 50px;
    text-align: center;
}

#about {
    padding: 20px;
    background-color: transparent;
}

#leadership {
    padding: 20px;
    background-color: transparent;
}

#academia {
    padding: 20px;
    background-color: transparent;
}

#projects {
    padding: 20px;
    background-color: transparent;
}

#contact {
    background-color: transparent;
}

.project-card {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: row; /* Ensure horizontal layout */
    align-items: flex-start; /* Align items to the top */
    border: 1.5px solid #444;
    background-color: #F4F2E8; /* Optional: Set a light background color */
    margin-bottom: 10px;
    margin-top: 10px;
    padding: 20px;
    text-align: left;
    gap: 20px; /* Space between the image and content */
}

/* Style for the image */
.project-card img {
    flex-shrink: 1; /* Allow the image to shrink */
    height: auto;
    max-height: 180px; /* Limit the height of the image */
    width: auto; /* Keep the aspect ratio */
    object-fit: cover; /* Ensure proper cropping if necessary */
    margin-right: 0; /* Avoid extra margins */
}

/* Content container for heading and text */
.project-card-content {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column; /* Stack the heading and text */
    justify-content: flex-start; /* Align content to the top */
    flex-grow: 1; /* Allow content to take up remaining space */
}

/* Style for the heading */
.project-card-content h3 {
    margin: 0 0 10px 0; /* Add space below the heading */
    font-size: 1.5em; /* Larger font size for prominence */
    font-weight: bold;
    color: #333;
}

/* Style for the text */
.project-card-content p {
    margin: 0 0 10px 0; /* Space below paragraph */
    font-size: 1em;
    line-height: 1.6;
    color: #444;
}

/* Style for the link */
.project-card-content a {
    text-decoration: none;
    font-weight: bold;
    margin-top: auto; /* Push the link to the bottom */
    align-self: flex-start; /* Align link to the left */
}

.research-card {
    border: 1.5px solid #444;
    background-color: transparent;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
    padding: 10px;
    text-align: center;
}

.research-card img {
    height: 200px;
    width: auto; 
    margin: 0 auto;
    display: block;
}

.image-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
    gap: 8px;
    margin: 0 20px;
}

.image-grid img {
    width: 97%;
    height: 180px;
    object-fit: cover;
    border-radius: 8px;
}

.tall-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
    max-height: 300px;
    overflow-y: auto;
    gap: 20px;
    margin: 20px 0;
    justify-content: center;
}

.tall-grid img {
    width: 97%;
    height: fit-content;
    object-fit: cover;
    border-radius: 8px;
}

.video-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(300px, 1fr));
    gap: 20px;
    margin: 20px 0;
    justify-content: center;
}

.video-grid iframe {
    width: 100%;
    height: 530px;
    max-width: 315px;
    margin: 0 auto;
}

.schematic-container {
    max-width: 100%;
    margin: 20px 0;
    text-align: center;
}

.schematic-image {
    max-width: 90%;
    height: auto;
    box-shadow: 0 0 10px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
    background-color: transparent; 
    border-radius: 8px;
}

.subpage-content {
    padding: 0 5%;
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin: 0 auto;
}

.home-link {
    position: absolute;
    top: 20px;
    left: 20px;
    font-size: 18px;
    color: #333;
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: color 0.3s ease;
}

.home-link:hover {
    color: #777;
}

.pdf-container {
    width: 100%;
    height: 600px;
    margin: 20px 0;
}

.pdf-viewer {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    border: none;
}

/* General Responsive Adjustments */
@media (max-width: 768px) {

    .content {
        margin-left: 20px;
        margin-right: 20px;
        padding: 10px;
    }

    .content h1 {
        font-size: 36px;
        padding-left: 10px;
    }

    .content h2 {
        font-size: 28px;
    }

    .content h3 {
        font-size: 22px;
    }

    .menu-items {
        justify-content: center;
        padding: 10px;
        flex-wrap: wrap;
    }

    .menu-items a {
        font-size: 16px;
        margin: 5px;
    }

    .top-menu {
        position: static;
        padding: 10px 0;
        background-color: rgba(244, 242, 232, 0.95);
    }

    .project-card {
        flex-direction: column;
        padding: 10px;
    }

    .project-card img {
        max-height: 200px;
        width: 100%;
        margin-bottom: 10px;
    }

    .image-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 10px;
    }

    .image-grid img {
        width: 100%;
        height: auto;
    }

    .research-card img {
        width: 100%;
        height: auto;
    }

    .video-grid iframe {
        height: 250px;
        max-width: 100%;
    }

    .pdf-container {
        height: 400px;
    }
}

/* Smaller Mobile Devices Adjustments */
@media (max-width: 480px) {

    .content h1 {
        font-size: 30px;
        text-align: center;
    }

    .content h2 {
        font-size: 24px;
        text-align: center;
    }

    .menu-items a {
        font-size: 14px;
        margin: 3px;
    }

    .project-card-content p, 
    .content p {
        font-size: 16px;
    }

    .project-card-content h3 {
        font-size: 20px;
    }
}